The thermocouple element itself is plugged into a socket mounted in
an easy to hold plastic handle. The socket accepts both standard OST
and subminiature SMP probes. The PMA2165 can be used with any
thermocouple of the designated type.
Depending on the material of the thermocouple junction the
applicability of the bare thermocouple may be limited due to
corrosion. The thermocouple element that comes with the PMA2165 is
sealed in a stainless-steel envelope forming an 8" long insertion
probe.
The thermocouple operation is based on the Seebeck potential,
generated in a broken loop of dissimilar materials when the two
joints are at different temperatures. The voltage generated by the
thermocouple is a function of the temperature differential between
two junctions and the materials used to create the thermocouple
(Fig. 1). In general, this function is non-linear, that is the
Seebeck coefficient in microVolts/°C is temperature-dependent (Fig.
2). Knowing this function and the voltage generated by the
thermocouple, a temperature differential can be calculated. In order
to know the absolute temperature of one of the junctions the
temperature of the other one has to be known. In the PMA2165 the
reference junction is thermally coupled with a calibrated
semiconductor temperature transducer that generates a signal
proportional to the temperature. The PMA2100 calculates the
thermocouple temperature differential and adds it to the reference
junction temperature.
Some popular combinations of metals forming thermocouples are
designated by letters originally assigned by the Instrument Society
of America (ISA) and adopted by an American Standard in ANSI MC
96.1. The J-type thermocouple is made of iron and Copper-Nickel
while the K-type thermocouple consists of Nickel-Chromium and
Nickel-Aluminum.
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